1. High pressure vessel

Titanium alloy is used in many places due to its ability to reduce the total weight of spacecraft orbiting spacecraft. The main use of titanium is in high-pressure containers that contain necessary fuels and gases. A lightweight titanium alloy container was successfully developed on NASA's Gemini spacecraft and Apollo spacecraft programs, using Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The iron pressure vessel on the Apollo spacecraft has actually been designed with an unprecedented safety factor of 1.5, which was previously designed with a safety factor of approximately 4. To further lighten the high-pressure storage container of the orbiting space shuttle, a method of adding white bird fiber (aromatic organic fiber produced by DuPont in the United States) to the surface of the thin-walled titanium container is adopted.

A pressure vessel for storing compressed gas. The "Wanderer" satellite and booster shared 14 titanium containers, resulting in a total weight reduction of 272kg.

A pressure vessel for storing liquid propellants. About 50 pressure vessels were used on the Apollo spacecraft, of which 85% were made of titanium. The Hercules III transition stage engine has reduced its weight by 35% after switching to a titanium alloy propellant storage tank.

2. Engine housing

Solid fuel rocket engine casing. The second stage rocket engine of the "Minuteman" intercontinental missile uses Ti64 alloy to reduce weight by 30% to 40%.

Liquid fuel rocket engine casing. The pressure bearing shell of the combustion chamber of the descent engine of the Apollo lunar module is made of Ti64 alloy.

3. Various structural components

Titanium alloys are also widely used in various structural components. The pressure chamber of the Mercury spacecraft is mainly made of titanium, accounting for 80% of the cabin weight. There are 7 titanium alloy grades used in the Gemini spacecraft, with 570kg of titanium components, accounting for 84% of the structural weight. The brackets, fixtures, and fasteners of the Apollo spacecraft are all made of titanium, using a total of 68 tons of titanium material.

4. Oil pressure piping

The oil pressure piping of the space shuttle uses seamless pipes made of Ti-3Al-2.5V alloy. Due to the use of this alloy, the weight can be reduced by more than 40%. In order to reduce sensitivity to fatigue fracture and improve the actual life of the system, various pipes are assembled using automatic forming.